Colloidal indium phosphide (InP) quantum dots (QDs) have emerged as a compelling class of heavy metal-free nanomaterials attributable to their low toxicity and size-tunable optoelectronic properties, exhibiting nice potential in solar-driven vitality conversion functions. Right here, a wide range of artificial strategies for making ready high-quality InP QDs, together with hot-injection, heat-up, cluster-mediated development, and cation change, are completely reviewed. To comprehend enhanced photocatalytic (PC) and photoelectrochemical (PEC) efficiency, various methods reminiscent of core/shell engineering, hybrid ligand modification and elemental doping of InP QDs are mentioned intimately, that are useful to construct numerous environment friendly QDs-based methods for hydrogen evolution, CO2 discount, ammonia synthesis, and H2O2 manufacturing. Furthermore, the primary challenges and future analysis instructions of InP QDs are briefly proposed, offering tips to realize future low-cost, eco-friendly, scalable and high-efficiency QDs-based photo voltaic vitality conversion applied sciences.