Colloidal indium phosphide (InP) quantum dots (QDs) have emerged as a compelling class of heavy metal-free nanomaterials as a result of their low toxicity and size-tunable optoelectronic properties, exhibiting nice potential in solar-driven vitality conversion functions. Right here, a wide range of artificial methods for making ready high-quality InP QDs, together with hot-injection, heat-up, cluster-mediated progress, and cation trade, are completely reviewed. To appreciate enhanced photocatalytic (PC) and photoelectrochemical (PEC) efficiency, various methods resembling core/shell engineering, hybrid ligand modification and elemental doping of InP QDs are mentioned intimately, that are useful to construct numerous environment friendly QDs-based techniques for hydrogen evolution, CO2 discount, ammonia synthesis, and H2O2 manufacturing. Furthermore, the principle challenges and future analysis instructions of InP QDs are briefly proposed, offering pointers to attain future low-cost, eco-friendly, scalable and high-efficiency QDs-based photo voltaic vitality conversion applied sciences.